Analysis of reliability between pharmacists when using the pediatric prescription optimization tool (GOPP Tool) in Ivorian hospital context

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Published Aug 1, 2025
https://doi.org/10.62438/tunismed.v103i8.5722
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Vol. 103 No. 8 (2025): Tunis Med Aug 2025

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Doffou Elisée
Felix Houphouet Boigny University, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, Clinical Pharmacy Unit, Cocody University Hospital, Abidjan, Ivory Coast
Abrogoua Danho Pascal
Felix Houphouet Boigny University, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, Clinical Pharmacy Unit, Cocody University Hospital, Abidjan, Ivory Coast

Abstract

Introduction: Inappropriate prescriptions (IP) and omission of  prescriptions (OP) are sources of adverse events in pediatrics. The pediatric prescription optimization grid (GOPP tool) was developed in the Ivorian pediatric environment for the detection and management of IP and OP. Our aim was to analyze the reliability between pharmacists, when using the GOPP tool for the detection of IP and OP in the Ivorian hospital context.


Methods: A cross-sectional study with a descriptive aim was carried out. The treatments of 881 patients were analyzed using the GOPP tool by clinical pharmacists (reference group) for the detection of IP and OP. Thirty (30) cases with at least 1 IP or OP were selected. These cases were also examined independently using GOPP tool by ten (10) pharmacists and interns (evaluator group) having no prior experience with this tool. Inter-user reliability for PI and OP detection using the GOPP tool was determined using the kappa (κ) test of agreement.


Result: The selected cases concerned patients with a median age of 25.5 months. The numbers of PI lines and OP detected by pharmacists in the “reference” group were 50 and 6, respectively. The median levels of agreement for PI and OP detection were judged as very good (Kappa=0.92) and good (Kappa=0.77), respectively.


Conclusion: The GOPP tool is a reliable tool for the detection of PI and OP by pharmacists working in the Ivorian hospital context. Its use is relevant in routine for the pharmaceutical analysis of prescriptions in pediatric departments in Côte d'Ivoire.

Keywords:

Inter-user reliability, omission of prescribing, clinical pharmacy, inappropriate prescribing

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