Overweight and Obesity in School Children: Prevalence and Associated factors Section Original articles

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Published Oct 30, 2024
https://doi.org/10.62438/tunismed.v102i11.5205
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Vol. 102 No. 11 (2024): Tunis Med nov 2024

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Faten Mahjoub
Research Unit UR18ES01 ‘Obesity: aetiopathogeny, pathophysiology and treatment’, Department of Nutritional Diseases ‘A’, National Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology of Tunis, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia.
Nadia Ben Amor
Research Unit UR18ES01 ‘Obesity: aetiopathogeny, pathophysiology and treatment’, Department of Nutritional Diseases ‘A’, National Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology of Tunis, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia.
Rim Rachdi
Research Unit UR18ES01 ‘Obesity: aetiopathogeny, pathophysiology and treatment’, Department of Nutritional Diseases ‘A’, National Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology of Tunis, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia.
Ramla Mizouri
Research Unit UR18ES01 ‘Obesity: aetiopathogeny, pathophysiology and treatment’, Department of Nutritional Diseases ‘A’, National Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology of Tunis, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia.
Amani Zaier
Higher School of Health Sciences and Techniques of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
Henda Jamoussi
Research Unit UR18ES01 ‘Obesity: aetiopathogeny, pathophysiology and treatment’, Department of Nutritional Diseases ‘A’, National Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology of Tunis, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia

Abstract

 


Introduction: Childhood obesity, a true international epidemic, is a multifactorial pathology including genetic and environmental factors.


Aim: Determine the prevalence and risk factors of overweight in Tunisian schoolchildren in the Bardo region, an urban department of the Tunis governorate.


Methods: Descriptive and cross-sectional study involving schoolchildren aged between 10 and 12 years old. All students received questioning, anthropometric measurements and a food survey. According to the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) body weight curves by gender, a Body Mass Index (BMI) in children ≥ 97th percentile defined overweight, and a BMI ≥ IOTF-30 defined obesity.


Results: The mean age of the 105 schoolchildren was 10.8±0.5 years. The average BMI was 19.68±3.86 kg/m². More than a third of students (35.3%) were overweight. Overweight affected 45% of girls and 29.2% of boys. The prevalence of obesity was 8.6% (7 boys and 2 girls). 55.6% of girls and 47.4% of the overweight boys had a high calorie diet. TV eating was reported in 40.5% of overweight students versus 19.4% of normal weight students. Prandial overeating increases the risk of overweight in children by 18.48 (p=0.0001). Parental obesity multiplies by 2.69 the risk of overweight in their offspring (p=0.023).


Conclusion: In addition to genetic heritability, children share rating habits with their parents. Therefore, management based on hygienic-dietary measures must involve the whole family.

Keywords:

Overweight, Child, Prevalence, Risk Factors

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