Epistaxis in children with allergic rhinitis: Clinical features and risk factors depending on the allergen profile

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Published Oct 30, 2024
https://doi.org/10.62438/tunismed.v102i11.5129
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Vol. 102 No. 11 (2024): Tunis Med nov 2024

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Amani Hachicha
Department of Otorhinolaryngology and cervico-facial surgery, Hospital of the Internal Security Forces La Marsa, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
Hamdi Chouchane
Department of Otorhinolaryngology and cervico-facial surgery, Hospital of the Internal Security Forces La Marsa, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2856-5923
Houneida Boussafa
Department of Otorhinolaryngology and cervico-facial surgery, Hospital of the Internal Security Forces La Marsa, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
Senda Turki
Department of Otorhinolaryngology and cervico-facial surgery, Hospital of the Internal Security Forces La Marsa, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
Ferdaous Yangui
Pneumology Department, Hospital of the Internal Security Forces La Marsa, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
Ridha Charfi
Pneumology Department, Hospital of the Internal Security Forces La Marsa, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia

Abstract

Introduction: Epistaxis in children is a very common reason for consultation in ENT and pediatric emergencies. Most of these epistaxis are benign, but it is their recurrence that motivates anxious parents, to consult. Allergic rhinitis is a common pathology among children in Tunisia, it seemed interesting to us to study the association between allergic rhinitis and epistaxis. 


Aim: Identify the clinical features and the risk factors for epistaxis in children with allergic rhinitis.


Methods: Retrospective descriptive cohort study over a period of 4 years, including children, who consulted for epistaxis at the ENT and CCF department of FSI Hospital, La Marsa Tunis. All cases were divided into 2 groups: ERA+ Group: epistaxis with allergic rhinitis versus ERA- Group: epistaxis without allergic rhinitis. 


Results: 79 children were included, including 21 (26.6%) meeting the diagnostic criteria for allergic rhinitis. A female predominance was noted in the ERA+ group. In the ERA+ group, epistaxis mainly occurred in summer and autumn (38% and 28%) while it predominated in winter and summer in the ERA- group. Rhinorrhea and nasal pruritus were factors significantly associated with epistaxis in children with allergic rhinitis. 


Conclusion: the ENT doctor must think about allergic rhinitis in case of Repetitive epistaxis in a child, and look for suggestive symptoms, particularly rhinorrhea and nasal prurit. 

Keywords:

epistaxis, allergic rhinitis, child

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