Microbial ecology of protective isolation room: Air and Surfaces

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Published Jun 28, 2024
https://doi.org/10.62438/tunismed.v102i7.4807
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Vol. 102 No. 7 (2024): Tunis Med jul 2024

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Yousra Sbibih
Laboratory of Microbiology. Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy (University Mohammed the First), Laboratory of Microbiology, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Oujda, Morocco
Abderrazak Saddari
Laboratory of Microbiology. Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy (University Mohammed the First), Laboratory of Microbiology, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Oujda, Morocco
Ilham Alla
Laboratory of Microbiology. Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy (University Mohammed the First), Laboratory of Microbiology, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Oujda, Morocco
Oumayma Abdesselami
Laboratory of Microbiology. Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy (University Mohammed the First), Laboratory of Microbiology, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Oujda, Morocco
Chaymae Ben moussa
Laboratory of Microbiology. Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy (University Mohammed the First), Laboratory of Microbiology, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Oujda, Morocco
Said Ezrari
Laboratory of Microbiology. Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy (University Mohammed the First), Oujda, Morocco
Elmostapha Benaissa
Department of Bacteriology, Mohammed V Teaching Military Hospital, Epidemiology and Bacterial Resistance Research Team/BIO-INOVA Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy (University Mohammed V), Rabat, Morocco
Yassine Ben Lahlou
Department of Bacteriology, Mohammed V Teaching Military Hospital, Epidemiology and Bacterial Resistance Research Team/BIO-INOVA Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy (University Mohammed V), Rabat, Morocco
Mostafa Elouennass
Department of Bacteriology, Mohammed V Teaching Military Hospital, Epidemiology and Bacterial Resistance Research Team/BIO-INOVA Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy (University Mohammed V), Rabat, Morocco
Adil Maleb
Laboratory of Microbiology. Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy (University Mohammed the First), Laboratory of Microbiology, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed the First, 60000 Oujda, Morocco

Abstract

Introduction: Healthcare-associated infections pose a significant public health burden, leading to morbidity, mortality, prolonged hospital stays, and substantial social and economic costs. Immunocompromised patients are at a heightened risk of nosocomial infections.


Aim: This prospective study conducted at Mohammed VI University Hospital of Oujda aimed to assess the microbial ecology of surfaces and air in an immunosuppressed patient room compared to a double hospitalization room.


Methods:  Microbiological air purity tests were conducted employing both the sedimentation method and the collision method with the assistance of Microflow Alpha. The sedimentation method used Mueller Hinton with 5% human blood, facilitating the free fall of contaminated dust particles. The collection program employed was set for 10 minutes per 1 m3. For surface sampling, swabs were taken from a 25 cm2 surface. The swabs were immediately forwarded to the Microbiology Laboratory. We carried out both macroscopic and microscopic identification of colonies, followed by definitive biochemical identification using the BD phoenixTM system. Antibiotic susceptibility was assessed through agar diffusion on Muller Hinton medium coupled with the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration.


Results: The results revealed a decreased bacterial count within the protective isolation room, in contrast to the standard hospital room. We noted the predominance of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp and Bacillus spp. Staphylococcus aureus and Aspergillus spp, common pathogens in healthcare-associated infections, were notably absent in the protective isolation room. The findings underline the pivotal role of hospital environments in the transmission of healthcare-associate  ..(abstract truncated at 250 words)

Keywords:

microbial ecology, protective isolation room, immunocompromised patient, healthcare-associated infections.

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