Les facteurs de risque chez les enfants atteints de convulsions fébriles.
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Résumé
Intoduction : Les convulsions fébriles (CF) sont le trouble neurologique le plus observé chez les enfants. Provoqués principalement par la fièvre en dehors de toute atteinte du système nerveux central (SNC), L’association de plusieurs facteurs y compris la réponse inflammatoire et la prédisposition génétique sont impliqués dans la survenue des CF.
Objectif: Cette revue donnera un aperçu sur les facteurs de risque, en particulier l'implication de la réponse inflammatoire et la prédisposition génétique dans la survenue des CF.
Méthodes : Une recherche sur PubMed a été effectuée en utilisant les termes clés suivants « Convulsions fébriles », « Réponse inflammatoire », « Cytokines pro-inflammatoires », « Cytokines anti-inflammatoires ». La stratégie de recherche comprenait des méta-analyses, des études prospectives cas témoins, des études cliniques, des études observationnelles et des revues.
Résultats : Les CF, surviennent généralement entre 6 mois et 5 ans avec une incidence maximale de 18 mois. Plusieurs facteurs génétiques, inflammatoires et environnementaux, y compris les virus et les vaccins, déclenchent les CF. Les facteurs de risque de l’apparition des CF augmente avec les antécédents familiaux de CF, avec (20 %) chez les frères et sœurs et (33 %) chez l'un des parents. L'implication des gènes de la réponse inflammatoire, notamment les gènes des cytokines IL1B, IL1R, IL6 et IL4. Selon ces résultats, les CF sont associé à l'activation d'une cascade de cytokines pro- et anti-inflammatoires et le déséquilibre entre ces cytokines dans la régulation de l'inflammation joue un rôle dans le développement des CF.
Conclusion : Les données actuelles suggèrent que la prédisposition génétique et la dérégulation de la réponse inflammatoire contribuent à la survenue des CF.
Mots-clés :
Convulsions fébriles , Inflammation, Cytokines, Génétique##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.details##

Ce travail est disponible sous licence Creative Commons Attribution - Pas d'Utilisation Commerciale - Pas de Modification 4.0 International.
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