SMAD3, Cell proliferation and lymph nodes metastasis in breast cancer hormone-dependent

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Published Jul 11, 2023
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Vol. 101 No. 2 (2023): Issue Feb 2023

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Mohamed Oueslati
Faculté des sciences de Bizerte
Meriam Beldi
Médecine de famille / Faculté de médecine de Tunis
Yasmine Houman
Médecine de famille / Faculté de médecine de Tunis
Mehdi Somai
Internal medicine department, habib thameur hospital Tunisia
Fatma Boussema
Internal medicine department, habib thameur hospital Tunisia
Monia Cheour
Hôpital Habib Thameur Tunis / Faculté de médecine de Tunis

Abstract

Background: Tumor Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) is a multifunctional cytokine that plays a crucial role in various biological processes. TGF-β is
also involved in various pathologies including breast cancer (BC). BC is strongly dependent on hormone receptors such as Estrogen receptors
(ERa, ERb) and Progesterone Receptor (PR).
Aim: To audit the potential cross-talk between TGF-β and the molecular distribution of hormone receptors (ERs and PR).
Methods: The current study analyzes the expression patterns of SMAD3, ERα, ERβ and PR in 40 breast tumor tissues using qRT-PCR.
Furthermore, the Ki-67 and HER2/neu status have been detected by Immunohistochemistry.
Results: Our results show a decrease in the SMAD3 expression in 27 of the 40 cases while its expression is increased in the remaining 13
cases (p=0.003). The over-expression of SMAD3 is associated with high tumor grades. Moreover, there is a significant positive correlation
between SMAD3+ with a high proliferative index and metastases (p=0.001 and p=0.01respectevely). The SMAD3 expression relative to (ERα,
ERβ) subgroups shows a significant association of SMAD3+ with the (ERα+, ERβ+) subgroups (p=0.009). The same is true for PR, our results
show a significant association of SMAD3+ with PR+ (p=0.02). Moreover, analysis of the expression of molecular subgroups (SMAD3+, ERα+,
ERβ+) and (SMAD3+, PR+) compared to clinical and pathological information shows a significant association with high grade tumors, a high
proliferation index (p=0.02, p= 0.01 respectively) and lymph node infiltration.
Conclusion: It is concluded that SMAD3 can promote cell proliferation and metastases in (ERα+, ERβ+) and PR+ breast cancer.

Keywords:

Breast cancer, SMAD3, Estrogen Receptors, Progesterone Receptor, KI-67, metastases

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