Epidemio-clinical profile of Takayasu Arteritis at the Center of Tunisia

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Published Sep 27, 2023
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Vol. 101 No. 5 (2023): Tunis med may 2023

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Najeh Adaily
Internal Medicine Department, Sahloul Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Tunisia.
Anis Mzabi
Internal Medicine Department, Sahloul Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Tunisia.
Jihed Anoun
Internal Medicine Department, Sahloul Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Tunisia.
Donia Ben Hassine
Research Lab LR19SP01, Sahloul Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Tunisia.
Sara Melki
Research Lab LR19SP01, Sahloul Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Tunisia.
Neirouz Ghannouchi
Internal Medicine Department, Farhat Hachad Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Tunisia.
Fatma Ben Fredj
Internal Medicine Department, Sahloul Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Tunisia.

Abstract

Introduction: Takayasu's Arteritis (TA) is a systemic vasculitis affecting the aorta and its main branches.


Aim: To describe the epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic profile of TA in the referral departments of internal medicine in the Sousse region (Tunisia).


Methods: This is a descriptive, retrospective and exhaustive study, carried out in the two departments of Internal Medicine of Sousse. Patients followed for AT, from 1996 to 2020 were included. The disease was defined according to the classification criteria of the American College of Rheumatology. Disease activity was assessed according to NIH criteria. Age referred to the date of diagnosis.


Results: The study population consisted of 40 patients (Sahloul: n=32, Hached: n=8) with a sex ratio=0.17 and a median age=35 years (IIQ=[30-41]). The median diagnostic delay was 5 months (IIQ=[2-14]). The main clinical sign was pulse abolition and/or decrease (78%). Aortic stenosis was the main arterial lesion found (98%). Treatment was based on corticosteroids (95%) and immunosuppressants (42%). The prognosis of TA was often active (62%), with vascular co-morbidity (60%) and iatrogenic complications (35%).


Conclusion: The epidemiological-clinical profile of AT in the region of Sousse (Tunisia) was characterized by a female predominance, a diagnostic delay, a clinical polymorphism, and evolution towards vascular co-morbidities.

Keywords:

Takayasu arteritis, Vasculitis, Epidemiology, Tunisia, North Africa, Africa

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