Splenogonadal fusion misdiagnosed as spermatic cord cyst: a case report

Abstract

Introduction : Splenogonadal fusion is a rare congenital anomaly. The aim of this study was to report a case of splenogonadal fusion
mimicking a spermatic cord cyst, and discuss therapeutic management of this rare congenital malformation.

Observation : An eight-years old patient was presented with an asymptomatic three-centimeter oval scrotal mass mistaken for a
spermatic cord cyst. Surgical exploration has revealed tow purple-red, firm encapsulated masses. The first mass was two cm long and
adherent to the upper pole of the left testis with a cleavage plane. The second mass was four cm long, attached to the first by a fibrous
cord and drawn on its superior pole by a serpiginous vascular structure that extended inside the abdomen. The spermatic cord was
individualized. Extemporaneous anatomopathological examination of the first mass, totally excised, has concluded to benign lesion.
Therefore, the peritoneum was opened, and the superior mass was excised as high as it could be reached without orchiectomy. Definitive
Anatomopathological examination concluded to an ectopic splenic tissue. The final diagnosis was a continuous splenogonadal fusion.

Conclusion : This case highlights the clinical characteristics of this condition, with a special focus on the signs and findings that might
help prevent unnecessary orchiectomy. Consequently, it is essential to include this malformation in the differential diagnosis of scrotal
masses in children.