Early screening of cardiotoxicity of chemotherapy by echocardiography and myocardial biomarkers

Abstract

Abstract :
Introduction: cardiotoxicity remains the most serious complication of anticancer chemotherapy, especially if it manifests by heart failure. Early detection of myocardial involvement, before alteration of LVEF, would involve the necessary measures to be taken to prevent progression to heart failure.
Aim: Early detection of the cadiotoxicity of anti-cancer chemotherapy, through clinical, echocardiographic and biological parameters.
Methods: Prospective comparative study in a cohort of 100 patients treated with anti-cancer cardiotoxic chemotherapy for any type of cancer. Each patient received before his first course of chemotherapy, as well as three weeks after, a clinical evaluation, electrocardiography, echocardiography and an assay of biological markers.
 Results: for the LV study (LVEF (Tei): before CT: 67.75 ± 5.53, after CT 64.7 ± 5.6%, p = 0.002; LVEF (SBP): before CT: 64.5 ± 3.83, after CT 61.85 ± 1.9%, p <0.001; SLGVG: before CT: -21.85 ± 1.9, after CT: -20.08 ± 1.63%, p <0.001) and for the study of the DV (TAPSE: before CT: 22.9 ± 3.02, after CT: 21 ± 2.86, p = 0.014; SLGVD: before CT: -23.42 ± 2.69, after CT: -21.67 ± 2.6%, p = 0.004). Variations in troponin levels and BNP was not significant.
Conclusion: anticancer chemotherapy has harmful cardiovascular effects which can be detected and controlled p by echocardiographic monitoring and  biological markers and prevented by the use of protective agents.