Protective role of vitamin E against cadmium induced oxidative stress into the rat liver

##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.sidebar##

Published Apr 12, 2019
Download
pdf
Vol. 97 No. 1 (2019): Issue Jan 2019

##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.main##

Sana Bahri
Hadhemi Kaddour
Dhouha Karoui
Saadia Bouraoui
Mohamed Amri
Meherzia Mokni

Abstract

Introduction : Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal used in various industrial applications and therefore can cause, both by environmental or professional exposure, several damage in all body systems. The present study was developed to determine the toxic effect of high dose of Cd on the rat’s liver as well as the putative protective effect of vitamin E.
Methods: During the experiment, rats were administrated Cd per orally (PO) (15mg/Kg bw) alone or associated with an intraperitonial (IP) injection of alphatocopherol (Vitamin E) (300mg/Kg / day) for three weeks. We analyzed the effect of vitamin E on Cd induced liver remodeling by hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE), and by the determination of the antioxidant profiles and lipid peroxidation in rats’s livers.
Results: Data confirmed that high dose of cd induced a loss of the liver weight and a pro-oxidative state into hepatocytes characterized by increased malondialdehyde (MDA) and peroxidase (POD), no changes in catalase (CAT) and a decrease on the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities. These disturbances may be explained by a decrease in the level of hepatic calcium (Ca). Co-treatment with Vitamin E, decreased MDA and POD activities, increased CAT and SOD activities and restored Ca level. All these corrections were accompanied by an improvement of the liver ‘s structure.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that Cd induced an oxidative stress into rat liver and Vitamin E exerted antioxidant properties which can be mediated by the modulation of Ca level.

Keywords:

Cadmium ; oxidative stress ; antioxidant activities ; Vitamin E ; Calcium.

##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.details##

References

  1. Ciesielski T , Weuve J, Bellinger DC, Schwartz J, et al. Cadmium exposure and neurodevelopmental outcomes in U.S. children. Environ Health Perspect 2012; 120 : 758-63.
  2. Chen L, Liu L, Luo Y, Huang S. MAPK and mTOR pathways are involved in cadmium-induced neuronal apoptosis. J Neurochem 2008; 105 : 251-61.
  3. He L, Wang B , Hay EB, Nebert DW. Discovery of ZIP transporters that participate in cadmium damage to testis and kidney. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2009; 238 : 250-7.
  4. Jin T, Lu J, Nordberg M. Toxicokinetics and biochemistry of cadmium with special emphasis on the role of metallothionein. J Neurotoxicol 1998; 19 : 529-35.
  5. Usai C, Barberis A, Moccagatta L, Marchetti C. Pathways of cadmium influx in mammalian neurons. J neurochem 1999;72 : 2154-61.
  6. ZINGG JM. Vitamin E : an overview of major research directions . Mol Aspects Med 2007; 28 : 400-22.
  7. Traber MG. Vitamin E regulatory mechanisms. Annu Rev Nutr 2007; 27 :347-362.
  8. Draper HH, Hadley M. Malondialdehyde determination as index of lipid peroxidation .Methods Enzymol 1990; 186 : 421-431.
  9. Stern J, Lewis WH. The colorimetric estimation of calcium in serum with ocresolphthalein complexone . Clin Chim Acta 1957; 2 : 576-580.
  10. Ohnishi ST, Barr JK. A simple method of quantitating protein using the biuret and phenol reagent. Anal Biochem 1978; 86 : 193-200.
  11. Aebi H. Catalase in vitro . Methods Enzymol 1984; 105 : 121-126.
  12. Misra HP, Fridovish I. The role of superoxide anion in autoxidation of epinephrine and a simple assay for SOD. J Biol Chem 1972; 247 : 3170-3175.
  13. Shagirtha K, MuthumaniM, Prabu SM. Melatonin abrogates cadmium induced oxidative stress related neurotoxicity in rats. Eur Rev Med Pharmaco 2011; 15 : 1039-50.
  14. Nemmiche S, Chabane-Sari D, Guiraud P. Role of alpha-tocopherol in cadmium-induced oxidative stress in Wistar rat's blood, liver and brain. Chem- Biol Interact 2007; 170 : 221-30.
  15. Wan X, Quinn PJ. The location and function of vitamin E in membranes. Mol Membr Biol 2007; 17 : 143-56.
  16. Yang J, Eliinor PT, Sather WA, Zhang J I-R , Tsien RW. Molecular determinants of Ca2+ selectivity and ion permeation in L-type Ca2+ channels. Nature 1993; 366 : 158-161.
  17. Bauer R, Demeter I, Hasemann V, JohansenJT. Structural properties of the zinc site in Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase; perturbed angular correlation of gamma ray spectroscopy on the Cu, 111Cd-superoxide dismutase derivative. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1980; 94 : 1296-1302 .
  18. Jurczuk M, Brzoska MM, Moniuszko-Jakoniuk J, et al.. Antioxidant enzymes activity and lipid peroxidation in liver and kidney of rats exposed to cadmium and ethanol . Food Chem Toxicol 2004. 42 : 429-38.
  19. Esrefoglu M, Gul M, Dogru MI, Dogru A, Yurekli M. Adrenomedullin fails to reduce cadmium-induced oxidative damage in rat liver. Exp Toxicol Pathol2007; 58 : 367-74.
  20. El-Sokkary GH, Nafady AA, Shabash EH. Melatonin administration ameliorates cadmium-induced oxidative stress and morphological changes in the liver of rat. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2010;73: 456-63.
  21. Ramesh B , Satakopan VN. Antioxidant Activities of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Ocimum sanctum Against Cadmium Induced Toxicity in Rats. Indian J Clin Biochem 2010; 25 : 307-10.
  22. Hispard F , De Vaufleury A, Schaeffer C, Scheifler R. et al. Differential liver proteome mapping of control and cadmium-fed rats. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2010; 74 : 576-83.
  23. Gupta A, Gupta A, Shukla GS. Development of brain free radical scavenging system and lipid peroxidation under the influence of gestational and lactational cadmium exposure. Hum Exp Toxicol 1995; 14 : 428-33.
  24. Obioha UE, SuruSM, Ola-MusathirLA-, Faremi TY. Hepatoprotective potentials of onion and garlic extracts on cadmium-induced oxidative damage in rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2009; 129 : 143-56.
  25. Kara H, Cevik A, Konar V, Dayangac A, Servi K. Effects of selenium with vitamin E and melatonin on cadmium-induced oxidative damage in rat liver and kidneys. Biol Trace Elem Res 2008; 125 : 236-44.
  26. Prabu SM, Shargirta K, Renugadevi J. Naringenin in combination with vitamins C and E potentially protects oxidative stress-mediated hepatic injury in cadmium-intoxicated rats. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol 2011; 57 : 177-85.