successful resolution of Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis associated to brucellosis in the adult

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Published Oct 11, 2018
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Vol. 96 No. 7 (2018): Issue Jul 2018

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Mounira El Euch
Mohamed Yassine Kaabar
Rahma Bouaziz
Madiha Mahfoudhi
Fatima Jaziri
Asma Kefi
Khaoula Ben Abdelghani
Sami Turki
Sami Guermazi
Taieb Ben Abdallah

Abstract

Hemophagocyticlymphohistocytosis (HLH) is a proliferation of histiocytes with importanthemophagocytosisoccurring in different organs such as the spleen and the bone marrow. HLH is now increasingly diagnosed in the context of infections, malignancies and connective tissue diseases. Although brucellosis is an endemic infection in Tunisia, its association with HLH is a very rare condition which should be considered in patients with splenomegaly and cytopenia. Here, we describe brucellosis associated HLH in a 31 year-old man. The patient was admitted to our hospital with fever, sweating, and fatigue. Physical and laboratory findings revealed splenomegaly, pancytopenia, elevated serum transaminases, triglycerides, lactate dehydrogenase, and ferritin, and bone marrow hemophagocytosis. The Brucella agglutination test was positive. The patient improved after treatment with Rifampin and doxycyclin.

Keywords:

brucellosis; hemophagocyticlymphohistiocytosis; pancytopenia; splenomegaly

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