Atrial flutter ablation by femoral approach in a woman with azygos continuation of an interrupted inferior vena cava and dual chamber pacemaker

##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.main##

Sana Ouali
Selim Boudiche
Manel Ben Halima
Zeyneb Jebbari
Slim Kacem
Mohamed Sami Mourali

Abstract

This report describes a case of isthmus-dependent atrial flutter ablation by the femoral approach in a 54-year-old woman with a previously unknown absence of the inferior vena cava (IVC) and dual chamber pacemaker. Despite looping of the catheters, ablation and termination of atrial flutter were performed successfully without function alteration of the pacemaker leads.  This is the first report of an inferior-to-superior approach for ablation of atrial flutter in the absence of the perihepatic IVC with the presence of chronic indwelling leads in the area targeted for radiofrequency. 

Keywords:

interrupted inferior vena cava, azygos vein, atrial flutter, catheter ablation

##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.details##

References

  1. Natale, A., Newby, K. H., Pisano, E., Leonelli, F., Fanelli, R., Potenza, D., et al. (2000). Prospective randomized comparison of anti arrhythmic therapy versus first line radiofrequency ablation in patients with atrial flutter. J Am CollCard. 2000 ; 35 : 1898-1904.
  2. Yamada T, Lau YR, Kay GN. Successful cavotricuspid isthmus ablation in a patient with an interrupted inferior vena cava and persistent left superior vena cava. J CardiovascElectrophysiol. 2015;26(4):450-1
  3. Pons F, Tazi Mezalek A, Koutbi L, Bun S, Prevôt S, Franceschi F, Deharo JC. Superior approach for radiofrequency ablation of common atrial flutter in patient with heterotaxy syndrome. Int J Cardiol. 2012;158(3):e49-50.
  4. Pérez-Silva A, Merino JL, Peinado R, Lopez-Sendon J. Atrial flutter ablation through the azygous continuation in a patient with inferior vena cava interruption. Europace. 2011;13(3):442-3.
  5. Forleo GB, Pappalardo A, Avella A, Visigalli L, Dello Russo A, TondoC.Real-time integration of intracardiac echocardiography and 3D electroanatomical mapping to guide catheter ablation of isthmus-dependent atrial flutter in a patient with complete situs inversus and interruption of the inferior vena cava with azygos continuation. J Interv Card Electrophysiol. 2011;30(3):273-7.
  6. Mamidipally S, Rashba E, McBrearty T, Poon M. Azygous continuation of inferior vena cava. J Am CollCardiol. 2010;56(21):e41.
  7. Guenther J, Marrouche N, Ruef J. Ablation of atrial flutter by the femoral approach in the absence of inferior vena cava. Europace. 2007; 9(11): 1073-4.
  8. Malavasi VL, Casali E, Rossi L, Grazia Modena M. Radiofrequency catheter ablation of common atrial flutter in a patient with anomalous inferior vena cava and azygos continuation. Pacing ClinElectrophysiol. 2005;28(7):733-5.