Epidemiology of Malaria in the city of Kaedi (Mauritania, 2014)

##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.sidebar##

Published Jun 13, 2018
Download
pdf
Vol. 96 No. 1 (2018): Issue Jan 2018

##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.main##

Ousmane BA
Aïchetou Sow
Sid'Ahmed Dahdi

Abstract

Background: In the face of ongoing and projected environmental and climate change, the epidemiology of malaria in the city of Kaédi (Mauritania), bordering the Senegal River Valley, requires special attention.
Objective: To describe the epidemiological situation of malaria in the city of Kaédi, Mauritania, during the wet season of 2014.
Methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional survey in the city of Kaédi in september 2014 (wet season), to assess the prevalence of malaria parasites and vectors. For the choice of households, a cluster sampling was carried out and the city was subdivided into 10 sub-spatial units using a map of the city and the contribution of local populations. All household members were subjected to microscopic examination. In addition, larval surveys, morning wildlife sprays and night trap breaks were conducted.
Results: Of the 4671 thick drops made, three were positive, ie an average plasmid index of 0.06%. Prevalence was 0.04% (2/4671) and 0.02% (1/4671) for Plasmodium malariae and Plasmodium falciparum, respectively. In addition, the larval fauna consisted essentially of Culex larvae (100%). Two (2) female Anopheles mosquitoes were collected during the study.
Conclusion: Even if transmission is low, in a context of absence of rainfall, the health authorities must foresee a strategy of malaria pre-elimination in riparian wilayas of the Senegal River.

Keywords:

Malaria - Plasmodium falciparum - Plasmodium malarae - Anopheles - Mauritania

##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.details##

References

  1. OMS, Aide-mémoire N°94, Avril 2015
  2. PNLP. Plan stratégique national d'élimination du paludisme 2014-2020, Rapport-PNLP, 2011.
  3. Bâ H, Bâ O, Koita M, Ould Mohamed Salem CB, Ould Abdallahi M, LO B B. Morbidité palustre et fiabilité du diagnostic clinique chez les sujets fébriles consultant aux urgences du CHN de Nouakchott. Premier Bulletin de l'INRSP, 01-2009 ; 2009.
  4. Monjour L, Richard-Lenoble D, Palminteri R, Daniel Ribeiro C, Alfred C, Gentilini M. A sero-epidemiological survey of malaria in desert and semi-desert regions of Mauritania. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 1984; 78: 71-3.
  5. OuldAbdallahi M. Investigations entomologiques, parasitologiques et morbidité palustre dans deux zones de transition climatique: la zone sahélo-saharienne (région du Brakna) et la zone saharo-sahélienne (Oasis du plateau du Tagant). Mémoire de DEA de Biologie Animale. Université Cheikh Anta DIOP de Dakar Sénégal. 2001
  6. Escudie A, Hamon J. Malaria in French West Africa. Med Trop 1961; 21: 661-87.
  7. Lekweiry KM, Basco LK, Salem MS et al. Malaria prevalence and morbidity among children reporting at health facilities in Nouakchott Mauritania. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2011; 105 (12): 727-33.
  8. OuldAhmed Salem MS, Lekweiry KM, Moina H et al. Characterization of anopheline (Diptera: Culicidae) larval habitats in Nouakchott, Mauritania. J Vector Borne Dis 2013; 50(4) 302-6.
  9. Dia I, Ba H, Mohamed SA, Diallo S, LO B, Diallo M. Distribution, host preference and infection rates of malaria in Mauritanie. Parasites & Vectors 2009; 2: 61.
  10. OuldAbdallahi Moukah M, Ba O, Ba H et al. Malaria in three epidemiological strata in Mauritania. Malar J 2016; 12; 15: 204.
  11. WHO. Basic malaria microscopy. Learner's guide. 2nd ed. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2010.
  12. OuldAbdallahi M, Ould Bezeid, M.Dieye, B.Yacine, O.Faye. Study of the incidence of malaria in febrile patients and among schoolchildren in the region of Trarza. Islamic Republique of Mauritania. Bull Soc Pathol Exot.2011; 104 (4): 288-90.
  13. OuldAhmedou Salem MS, Basco LK, Ouldabdallahi M et al. Malaria-associated morbidity during the rainy season in Saharan and Sahelian zones in Mauritania. Acta Trop. 2015;152: 1-7.
  14. OuldAbdallahi M, Ouldbezeid M, Lemrabot MA et al. Study of morbidity and Plasmodium species in the several geographic-climatic areas of Mauritania Taureau. Bull Soc Pathol Exot. 2015; 108 (2):112-6.
  15. Faye O, Fontenille D, Gaye O et al. Malaria and rice growing in the Senegal River delta. Ann Soc Belg Méd Trop 1995; 75: 179-89.
  16. Lekweiry KM, ouldahmedSalem MS, Basco LK, Briolant S, Hafid J, Boukhary AO. Malaria in Mauritania. Retrospective and prospective overview. Malar J 2015; 4(14): 100.
  17. Sy O. Etude de quelques aspects épidémiologiques et environnementaux du paludisme au Sénégal. Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar - DEA Sciences biologiques et médicales 2006.