Spectral Domain optical coherence tomography findings in patients with retinitis pigmentosa

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Published Sep 5, 2016
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Vol. 94 No. 4 (2016): Issue Apr 2016

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Ahmed Chebil
Salma Touati
Rym Maamouri
Fedra Kort
Leila El Matri

Abstract

Abstarct

 

Background: Maculopathy is a common complication of retinitis pigmentosa (RP), and compromise the visual acuity of RP patients even in the less advanced stages.
Aim: To report the morphological macular findings detected by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and to determine their prevalence in patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP).
Methods:  SD-OCT scans from 100 patients (196 eyes) affected by RP were reviewed.
Results: We noted a normal macula appearance in 48.5%, macular edema in 14.5% and macular atrophy in 37%. Mean central macular thickness was 167.79 microns and we did not note any statistically significant correlation between visual acuity and foveal thickness. Visual acuity was statistically better in eyes with a larger number of hyper-reflective layers (p<0.001) and in eyes with photoreceptor inner/outer (IS/OS) segment junction distinct (p<0.001). We have identified three types of tomographic macular edema: a cystoids macular edema in 6.8%, a tractional edema in 8.2% and mixed edema in 1%. We identified two tomographic types of macular atrophy: a central- foveal atrophy in 34 eyes (11.6%) and diffuse atrophy in 38 eyes (12.9%). Epiretinal membrane was present in 24 eyes (8.2%).
Conclusions: The OCT contributes to the analysis of epidemiological and morphological of different macular involvement in RP. OCT has a prognostic value, which essentially depends on the morphology of the IS/OS line and number of hyper-reflective layers.

Keywords:

retinitis pigmentosa; optical coherence tomography; macula.

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