Multifocal atrial tachycardia: an unusual cause of cardiogenic shock In a newborn

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Published Jan 18, 2011
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Vol. 89 No. 1 (2011): Issue Jan 2011

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Asma Bouziri
Ammar Khaldi
Asma Hamdi
Inès Ben Massoud
Aida Borgi
Khaled Menif
Nejla Ben Jaballah

Abstract

Background: Chaotic or multifocal atrial tachycardia (MAT) is a rare tachyarrhythmia in children, accounting for less than 1% of supraventricular tachycardia seen in childhood. The majority of children with MAT are healthy; a few may exhibit mild to lifethreatening cardiorespiratory disease.
Aim: To report a new case of MAT revealed by a severe respiratory distress and cardiogenic shock.
Case report: We report a rare case of MAT revealed by a severe respiratory distress and cardiogenic shock in a 12-day-old newborn.
The echocardiogram demonstrated an isolated secundum-type atrial septal defect with a decreased left ventricular function. He was successfully treated with intravenous amiodarone. A relay by oral amiodarone and digoxine was made. Four months later, he had no recurrence of arrhythmia and left ventricular function returned to normal.
Conclusion: Our case is original by its association to an isolated ostium secondum-type atrial septal defect and by the occurrence of a congestive heart failure revealing the arrhythmia and the structural heart disease during the neonatal period.

Keywords:

Multifocal atrial tachycardia, cardiogenic shock, newborn, antiarrhythmic drugs, secundum-type atrial septal defect

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