Presternal giant epidermal cyst : about 2 cases

Abstract

Background: Epidermal cysts are a common benign lesion, occurring often above the shoulder and within the face and the scalp. Presternal site and huge volume are quite rare, especially in children.
Aim : The authors report on two paediatric cases, discuss etiopathogenesis and diagnostic difficulties.
Cases : A 2,5 and 3-year-old boys were admitted for voluminous subcutaneous tumour of the chest. The lesions had appeared since neonatal period with rapid growth after a minimal trauma for the last year. The physical examination found a great presternal cystic mass of 70 mm in diameter which is painless round and mobile. Ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging, showed a subcutaneous cystic mass with no mediastinal involvement or other localization in both. Complete surgical excision including the overlying skin with direct cutaneous closure was performed in both cases. The histological examinations confirmed the diagnosis of epidermal cyst. Postoperative courses were uneventful with no recurrence during respectively 18 months and 5 years follow-up periods.
Conclusions : Giant presternal epidermal cyst is uncommon and can raise diagnostic problems. Imaging investigations facilitate accurate diagnosis. Because of malignant degeneration, surgical excision should be mandatory.